鹤望兰的病害及其防治

植物图片 2021-03-29 08:22

鹤望兰又称天堂鸟或极乐鸟花，病害会影响它的美观和健康，那么，鹤望兰有哪些病害呢，又该怎么防治呢。

鹤望兰褐斑病

病状

褐斑病主要危害叶片，从生长较弱和带伤口的叶子上浸染。一开始病斑是褐色的，周围会有黄色的晕圈，之后会慢慢地扩展，病斑成为不规则状，边缘会变成红褐色，后期就变成了黑褐色的病斑，同时会出现黑色粒状物。

防治

给予鹤望兰生长所需的养料，增施磷肥或者钾肥，促进植株的生长。另外，需要对基质进行严格的消毒才能使用。在发病的初期可以喷洒五氯硝基苯杀菌剂和液烟参碱杀虫剂混合液进行防治。

鹤望兰炭疽病

病状

炭疽病同样危害叶片，病斑成圆形或者近圆形，边缘是红褐色的细线，中央是灰褐色，当分生孢子盘成熟的时候会出现黑色的小粒点。老叶一般在上半年4月初发病，新叶在下半年8月份发病。

防治

平时多注意减少伤口，适时地浇水施肥，发现病叶时及时剪除，也可以将其摘除后进行烧毁或深埋。

鹤望兰斑枯病

病状

该病危害叶片，一开始会出现灰白色的枯斑，边缘是褐紫色的线圈，上面有许多黑色小粒点。

防治

将病叶剪除，之后在伤口处涂抹30%碱式硫酸铜悬浮剂。发病初期可以每隔10天喷洒一次加瑞农可湿性粉剂800倍液、代森锰锌可湿性粉剂500倍液，连续2到3次。

鹤望兰根腐病

病状

病菌主要从根部伤口侵入，在病部产生分生孢子，借助雨水或者灌溉水传播浸染。发病初期根和茎的蘖芽变成褐黑色，腐烂，地上部分的植株生长变慢，过一段时间植株就会枯萎，叶片也会变成稻草色。

防治

提高地温，冬季不要低于5℃，增加土壤的通透性。发病初期喷洒50%立枯净可湿性粉剂800倍液、50%苯菌灵可湿性粉剂1000倍液。

鹤望兰的健康很重要哦，希望大家都能培养出无病无害的鹤望兰。

专题： 鹤望兰
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