原生郁金香的种植方法：现蕾后要避免浇淋头水，不然容易烂蕾

植物图片 2020-03-25 10:15

郁金香，它的品种极其丰富且花色艳丽、色彩繁多，令无数人为之倾倒。而我们平常所看到、种植的郁金香都是园艺种，但是最近却有不少的花友来询问小编原声郁金香的种植方法，对于原生郁金香怎么种，我们且来看看花友的种植心得，相信花友会有不小的收获。

原生郁金香——老鸦瓣

原生郁金香的种植方法：

1、种植时间

10月-12月最好种植时间，气温在15度左右种植最好，收到球，可以马上种下，出芽时间略长，为半个月甚至1个半月，也可以等球球开始萌动了再种（冒绿芽或者根部开始出根）， 萌动了之后出芽就比较快了，基本1周-半个月出芽，最晚12月都要种下。

原生郁金香种球

2、花盆大小和介质

原生郁金香和园艺品种相比，植株都很迷你，这款红重郁更是矮生型的，株高5-10cm，单花大约3-5cm，相对种球也小，大约直径1.5-2cm左右，1个球推荐万象盆2003左右大小的盆，5球刚好可以种个1加仑盆， 种植的深度依据种球的高度来决定，通常深度为 1-2个球高，比如球球高3cm，那么覆土3-6cm。

介质最好是沙质土壤，我常用的介质：高品质脱盐椰糠10份 淘洗干净的河沙5份 珍珠岩1份 蛭石0.5份 稻壳炭1份（体积），（这个配比可以适用于大多数球根植物）椰糠可换成泥炭，腐殖土，园土等基础介质，底肥还是推荐缓释肥（如奥绿，好康多）。总之介质达到浇水后，能在5秒钟之内快速渗透下去就差不多了。

另外，种植前，种球可以用1000倍多菌灵浸泡30分钟，晾干种球再种可以减少烂球。还有很多花友问种前是否需要剥掉外壳，保护球根的外壳是在野外生存状态下，物种经过千百万年进化的最优选择，平安度过无法生长的休眠期的保证，外面的保护壳越厚，说明自然条件越恶虐，因此原生郁金香的保护壳比园艺品种的厚很多。我建议，厚的保护壳不用剥掉种，实在是喜欢剥壳的，至少要等明显的根部萌发迹象，才可以动手。

花盆大小和介质

3、冬天养护

郁金香需要在冬天进行春化，春天才会开花，最好气温是0-10℃，因此冬天最低气温在0-10℃的地域，都可以直接放置室外。这一期间，生长比较缓慢的，主要在长根，可能1-2个月都只见一个小芽，甚至在北方较为寒冷地域，冬天不出芽，春天才出芽开花。我在成都，全露天养，开花完全没有问题。浇水见干见湿，略微干燥为宜，喜欢阳光，最好放置在有阳光直射的地方。

4、花期养护

2月份左右春天气温回升，生长会很明显，很快就会长出花蕾，3-4月开花，这期间必须留意的是，现蕾后要避免浇淋头水，不然容易烂蕾，由于这款红重原郁非常矮小，所以土面最好有表面覆盖，这样浇水，下雨时，就减少飞溅的水滴把土壤中的病菌，灰尘带到植株上的机会，让花蕾完美绽放。

原生郁金香——红重郁金香

5、花后的养护

花后的养护是非常重要的，由于气候条件的限制，给予新球生长到休眠大概只有4-5月2个月的时间，在这期间，新球必须快速蓄积养分，长到大能开花的大小，这是来年能复花的最重要条件。那么要怎样养护呢，我的方式是：花后马上剪掉残花，千万不要让它结种子消耗养分，对于家庭种植来说，收种子完全没有意义，只会消耗掉养分，造成新球弱小，甚至不长新球。之后每半个月追施1次磷钾肥，在气温超过25度时，将植株摆在一个上午有日照，下午可以遮阴的地方，尽量延长植株的生长期，避免高温快速休眠。浇水也要注意，不要过干才浇水，这会让球根提早休眠。

6、夏天休眠期的管理

6月左右，地面植株完全枯黄，这时不要马上将球根从土里掘起，地上的植株枯萎后，地下的球根可能还在做最后的养分转化休眠准备工作，需要让球根在土壤里充分成熟。差不多等植株完全枯黄后，断水，半个月到1个月，就可以挖球了。然后进行夏天球根的储藏 夏天储藏的气温至关重要，花芽的分化是这一期间进行的，最适合的气温是25度左右，在超过35℃时，花芽分化会受到抑制。我通常是将种球用报纸包好，摆在阴凉的室内（有降温空调房最好）每半个月检查一次种球有无霉烂，直到10月左右再次种植。

Tulipa 'Albocaerulea Oculata' 传说中的蓝色郁金香

7、复花问题

首先呢，我们需要在花后养好新球，这是复花的首要条件，然后呢，在夏天休眠期间，放置适合气温（25度左右），以便花芽分化，最后呢，秋天种植后，冬天要有0-10℃低温春化期，这样，复花就很容易了。这款红重郁，在我家已经2年开花，继续观察中~

最后，需要说明的是这些只是是我在成都地域种植的经验，长江中下游地域的花友可以借鉴参考，有资料说有些品种原生郁甚至可以耐-35℃严寒，由于条件限制，无法验证最低耐寒气温，希望更南更北地域的花友都来一起交流哦!

专题： 郁金香 种植方法 原生
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