地栽菊花的养殖方法，四个方法成功养殖地栽菊花

植物图片 2020-03-27 11:07

我们都羡慕过陶渊明的“采菊东篱下，悠然见南山”的惬意生活，不少人也选择在家里种植菊花给生活增添一份惬意。菊花是可以盆栽也可以地栽的，我们在进行地栽菊花的种植方法时只必须留意土壤、水分、肥料和气温四个方面，就可以成功养殖出美丽的菊花了。

一、地栽菊花四个种植方法

1、选地整土

菊花进行地栽前需要选择适合的地方与土壤，因菊花喜肥忌碱，我们通常方法选择肥沃疏松、排水较好的砂质土壤或者黏壤土，而且菊花地栽种植的地方应该选择向阳背风，防止大风的袭击对菊花造成伤害。

2、合理浇水

菊花是一种喜湿植物，如缺水干旱会造成菊花生长缓慢，而且它的分枝也会减少。在地栽菊花的种植方法中需要我们注意及时适量对菊花进行浇水。通常在夏天，菊花因天气炎热水分蒸发大，我们需早晚各浇一次水，保证其有充分水分供其生长。春秋两季则通常3～4天进行一次浇水，冬天菊花停止生长，通常一周浇水一次。

3、施肥控制

菊花是一种需肥量特别大的植物，在其生长开花期需要有足够的营养支撑其成长，我们必须留意对于肥料的追加，及时满足地栽菊花的营养需求。在菊花的生长期，我们可以每6天左右进行一次1000倍水溶肥液的施肥，而到了冬天菊花停止生长，我们可以半个月左右施加一次2000倍水溶肥液。

4、适合气温

菊花适应性极强，生长的适合气温在18～21℃之间，但对于高温32℃和低温10℃也可忍受。虽说菊花可忍受高温适应低温，但我们在进行地栽菊花时还是应该为其提供一个适合的生长气温，在冬天过于寒冷时可以给菊花覆上干草或者塑料薄膜进行防寒保温，夏天则必须留意遮荫防晒。

二、菊花的四种繁殖方法

1、播种繁殖

我们通常选择在春天进行菊花种子的播种。需要将疏松透气的土壤用多菌灵800倍液浇灌，进行杀菌消毒，随后将种子播撒在土中，在上面覆盖上一层薄土，再覆盖塑料薄膜进行保温保湿，促进种子尽早发芽。通常15天左右，菊花种子便会发芽，随后做好浇水施肥的养护工作，就成功使菊花播种繁殖了。

2、扦插繁殖

扦插繁殖我们通常选择在菊花开花后，将菊花枝干从底部剪下，随后将剪下枝条种植在疏松肥沃的土壤中，保持周围气温在5℃左右，等1～2月后扦插枝条长出新芽后，将菊花移入温暖室内，适度浇水，菊花就成功扦插了。

3、分株繁殖

分株繁殖我们通常选择在菊花换盆时进行。通常在秋冬菊花开花后我们会做好换盆，在将菊花移出花盆时，我们要先剪去菊花根部的老病残根，然后将整理好的菊花分成一株一株，每一株新菊花的根部都需要有根和脚芽，然后再将一株株新菊花栽种在土壤中就可以了。

4、嫁接繁殖

嫁接繁殖我们需要先选择黄蒿或者白蒿作为砧木，等他们植株长到10厘米以上后，在其离地面6厘米左右的地方进行切除，留下嫁接切口。随后我们将接口处的叶子摘除，插入准备好的菊芽，用塑料条将菊芽与砧木进行固定，随后进行塑料薄膜的捆绑使其保温保湿，待其成活就完成菊花嫁接繁殖了。

三、菊花的病虫害防治

1、病害

菊花病害主要有叶枯病和枯萎病，我们可以选择摘除病叶并进行1/2的波尔多1000倍液和托布津1000倍液的交替喷洒，每周喷洒一次，2～3次后便可防治叶枯病。对于枯萎病我们可以选择切除其烂根并将根部浸泡在高锰酸钾溶液中进行消毒，随后对土壤喷洒1/2的多菌灵1000倍液进行防治。

2、虫害

菊花的主要虫害有红蜘蛛和蚜虫，我们可以需要及时清除菊花周围的落叶杂草，并每半个月喷洒一次2/5的三氯杀螨醇1000倍液，3～5次后即可防治红蜘蛛。对于蚜虫我们可以选择每周喷洒一次2/5的氧化乐果1000倍液或者敌敌畏1000倍液，2～3次后即可治愈。

我们知道地栽菊花只必须留意土壤、水分、肥料与气温四个方面就可以成功养殖了，同时我们也可以进行播种、扦插、嫁接、分株四种繁殖方法并做好病虫害防治，这样菊花生长的更加繁密。

专题： 菊花 养殖方法 养殖 地栽 地栽菊花
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