菊花栽培和繁殖方法，播种扦插分株压条皆可

植物图片 2020-03-29 17:17

菊花的生命力和适应能力都很强，是一种非常好繁殖的花卉，菊花栽培和繁殖方法通常有四种，分别是播种、扦插、分株及其压条，家养的菊花盆栽最常用的是扦插繁殖，成活率是非常高的，只要适度适度的繁殖，就能够很快让菊花生长爆盆的。

一、菊花四种栽培繁殖的方式

1、播种繁殖

菊花通常是春天进行播种，首先准备好肥沃疏松的土壤，最好能够事先消毒处理。然后将种子播撒到土壤里面，并在种子上覆盖一层薄土，并盖上一层塑料薄膜用以保温保湿，等到薄膜上有很多水汽的时候，戳几个小孔。

然后保持环境的气温在20～25℃左右，通常1～2周就能够出芽了。等到菊花的小芽长出2～3片叶子的时候，要将塑料薄膜揭去，让小芽接受充分的光照，等到幼苗长出5～6片叶子的时候就可以进行移植了。

2、扦插繁殖

扦插通常在4月份进行，在菊花的母株上截取一段长8～10厘米的枝条作为插穗，将其插入疏松湿润的沙质土壤中，气温保持在18～21℃左右，通常在20天左右就可以生根了。

在30天之后，扦插的菊花枝条就可以进行移植了。在移植后要浇上定根水，并将其摆在阴凉通风的地方服盆。服盆阶不要让土壤过度湿润，以免造成烂根。

3、分株繁殖

分株繁殖通常是在秋天或者开花之后结合换盆进行，最好是在盆土比较干的时候分株，先将菊花母株从盆中取出，然后适度的修剪一下枯根和烂根，然后将植株分成几个小株，每一个小株都要带一些根系和小芽，之后分别移栽上盆即可。

4、压条繁殖

压条繁殖很简单，是将菊花的枝条弯曲埋入土中，在枝条接触土壤的部分切一个小伤口，然后将伤口埋入土壤中并固定好，通常在1～2个月之后伤口处就会长出根系，然后将这根枝条带着根系的部分剪断，就可以进行移栽了。

二、菊花的养护技巧

1、适量浇水

知道了菊花栽培和繁殖方法，养护方式也不能落下，尤其是在浇水方面。菊花都是比较耐旱的，所以在浇水的时候要遵循“见干见湿”的原则，通常来说春秋两季是3～4天浇一次水;夏天是1～2天浇一次水;冬天的时候1～2周浇一次。

2、光照适合

菊花是一种短日照的植物，光照时间不用太长，当然也不能完全不见光，否则就会造成枝叶徒长而不开花的。而如果光照太长也可能会造成植株只长叶不开花，所以要适度的控制光照时间。

3、把控气温

菊花喜欢比较凉爽的环境，能够稍微耐一点寒，适合菊花生长的气温在18～21℃。夏天气温不能超过32℃，否则就会造成植株枯萎。在冬天的时候气温最好控制在10℃，但也不能太高，都在会造成菊花无法休眠的。

4、合理施肥

在菊花的生长期间可以每隔半个月施加一次氮肥，促进枝叶的生长，但是在花期之前要增施磷钾肥，以促进花芽分化。在花期的时候还可以往植株上喷洒磷酸二氢钾溶液，能够让花朵开放的更加艳丽。

看完上面的内容，相信大家应该知道菊花的栽培繁殖的方式了，适度的繁殖能够让菊花一株变多株，但繁殖成功后一定要适度的养护，才能让菊花多开花。

专题： 栽培 菊花 播种 扦插 繁殖方法 分株 压条
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