怎样把芦荟养大养胖？5个要点可让植株开满盆

植物图片 2019-05-09 09:26

芦荟是一种美容，保健的植物，现在也有很多在家里养殖芦荟，要想如何把芦荟养大养胖，通常来说主要保证适合的土壤问题，充分的光照，少浇水及其盆土的不定期更换，施肥的合理性，还要清楚芦荟的繁殖方法包括分生和扦插繁殖方法，同时也要注意养殖芦荟的过程中对病虫害的预防及其解决办法。

一、把芦荟养肥养大的方式

1、适合的土壤

芦荟是一种多肉质的草本植物，茎较短，通常喜欢透水性和排水性良好的土壤，喜欢有机基质的土壤。所以在芦荟上盆之前，最好加入适量的有机肥料作为基底，然后用粗砂，泥炭土，养殖土按照1:1:3的比例进行混合调制，并保持通风透气即可。

2、充分的光照

由于芦荟是一种喜欢阳光充分的植物，通常每天要保证6个小时的光照条件下。而且切记不能阳光直射太久，而且不耐阴，晚上的时候可把芦荟置于室内，夏天时候则要进行遮阴处理，最好处于半阴状态。否则会晒伤叶肉组织，造成芦荟的枯萎。

3、少浇水

要想知道如何把芦荟养大养胖，浇水是很重要的。由于芦荟有着较强的抗干旱能力，离土的芦荟能放置数月不死，它的椰肉组织能贮藏大量养分和水分，因此不要浇水过多，春夏天3～5天浇一次就可以，冬天一周一次保持盆土湿润即可。

4、施肥的合理

通常芦荟对肥料也是有一定要求的，不仅需要氮磷钾肥，还需要一些微量元素。最好用以适量的有机肥料，由于有机基质可以促进多肉植物的生长发育。以有机肥料为主，其次氮磷钾肥为辅，不宜过多，而且要等有机肥料发酵后方可施加，这样芦荟会生长的更好。

5、盆土的更换

盆栽芦荟通常1年左右就要进行换土和换盆处理，每年的4～5月和秋天的9月中旬最好。而且在换盆的时候，注意不要把芦荟的植株弄坏，由于它属于多肉植物，叶肉容易破损，所以将芦荟换到新消毒处理的盆土中，再浇入适量的水，放置阳光充分地方养护即可。

二、芦荟的繁殖方法

1、分生繁殖

分生繁殖是芦荟的主要繁殖方法。是将芦荟的母株茎部和芽形成的带有幼根的幼株直接从主株上剥离出来，但不要拔出来，然后让幼苗保持原位，再将幼苗摆在带土的地方移载，及时浇入适量的水分，待幼苗自行脱离，再带土移植，基本没有缓苗期。

2、扦插繁殖

扦插繁殖是芦荟最常见的一种繁殖方法。主要是将芦荟主株上的茎端发生不定根的特性，分离繁殖产生新的植株，然后去除顶芽部分，长成很多的侧枝可以用作扦插材料，可以采用根插或者茎插，并保持温室的条件下进行，或者在大棚的沙床中进行即可。

三、芦荟的病虫害及解决办法

1、褐斑病

在芦荟的生长期间，褐斑病是最常见的一种病虫危害。主要出现在叶子上有褐色的斑点，并随着时间会逐渐形成较大的斑点，甚至造成叶子的腐烂等现象。最好保持每天通风透气，施肥合理，如果发现病叶，及时的采用百菌清溶液喷洒，大概2～3周一次即可，直到叶子好转为止。

2、叶枯病

叶枯病通常多发于南方地域，主要呈现在以昆虫传播，发病期表现在叶子有黑褐色小斑点，后期越来越大，造成叶子卷曲枯萎。最好的方式保持芦荟每天的干湿性，一旦发现明显现象剪除病虫危害部位，再用百菌清溶液喷洒即可。

通过以上介绍，让我们了解到种植一株又大又肥的芦荟也是需要精心养护的，只要掌握以上要点，就可以在家种植出更为茂盛的芦荟了。

专题： 芦荟
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