水葱是什么？一种水生植物，是我国重要的经济作物

植物图片 2019-05-29 11:02

水葱是我国重要的经济作物，可用来造纸，做编织物等。但很多人对于“水葱”并不熟悉，下面让小编就带大家一起去看看水葱到底是何方神圣。

水葱是什么

水葱是什么

水葱，学名：Scirpus validus，水生植物。是莎草科藨草属下的一个植物种，长的很像能食用的大葱，但是不能食用，株高在半1.5米-2米之间。常生长在沼泽地、沟渠、池畔、湖畔浅水中。该植物的地上部分可入药，夏、秋采收，洗净，切段，晒干，具有利水消肿之功效，也能做水景园后景材料，还能用作造纸或编织草席、草包材料。

水葱是什么

生长习性

最好生长气温在15～30℃之间，如果环境气温在10℃以下就会停止生长。需水量很高，所以生长在湖边、水边、浅水塘、沼泽地或湿地草丛中。

水葱是什么

分布地域

中国东北各省、内蒙古、山西、陕西、甘肃、新疆、河北、江苏、贵州、四川、云南等地，几乎遍布全国，也分布于朝鲜、日本，澳洲、南北美洲。

形态特征

匍匐根状茎粗壮，具许多须根。秆高大，圆柱状，平滑，基部具叶鞘，管状，膜质，最上面一个叶鞘具叶子。叶子线形。苞片1枚，为秆的延长，直立，钻状，常短于花序，极少数稍长于花序；长侧枝聚繖花序简单或复出，假侧生，具多个辐射枝；一面凸，一面凹，边缘有锯齿；小穗单生或簇生于辐射枝顶端，卵形或长圆形，顶端急尖或钝圆，具多数花；鳞片椭圆形或宽卵形，顶端稍凹，具短尖，膜质，棕色或紫褐色；有时基部色淡，背面有铁锈色突起小点，脉1条，边缘具缘毛；下位刚毛6条，等长于小坚果，红棕色，有倒刺；雄蕊花药线形，药隔突出；花柱中等长，花果期6～9月。

水葱是什么

主要价值

1、观赏价值

水葱在水景园中主要做后景材料；其茎秆可作插花线条材料，一些地域的花友也会将水葱制作成盆栽在家里观赏。

2、经济价值

水葱可以用来造纸，水葱在云南一带常被用作编制草席、草包。

3、生态价值

对污水中有机物、氨氮、磷酸盐及重金属有较高的除去率，可以用作水源的净化植物。

小提示：很多朋友都以为水葱就是灯芯草，而事实上它们只是长的像。水葱和灯芯草都属于水生植物，被子植物门，单子叶植物纲的植物，但水葱属于莎草目、科的藨草属，而灯心草是属于灯芯草目、科的灯芯草属，所以两者并不是同一物种。

水葱是什么

专题： 水生植物 水葱
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