梨树的虫害及其防治

植物图片 2021-03-18 15:59

虫害的发生往往影响梨树的正常生长，降低果实的品质，减少果实的产量，那么，梨树有哪些虫害呢，具体又该如何防治呢？

梨树的虫害：梨星毛虫

该虫属于梨树的主要食叶害虫，其幼虫会危害叶片、花芽以及花蕾，一年发生两次。防治措施如下：

1、通常在3-4月间与8-9月间各进行一次防治。

2、可以使用50%辛硫磷乳剂1000倍液，或是20%杀灭菊酯乳液3000倍液，或是50%马拉硫磷乳剂1000倍液以及50%杀螟松乳剂1000倍液等常用药剂进行喷杀防治。

梨树的虫害：梨实峰

也有花钻子，白钻虫等俗称。该虫仅危害梨树，一般在5月中下旬，以幼虫蛀果为危害。一年产生一代，成虫于4-5月间羽化和产卵，梨实峰的产卵盛期正是在于梨树花序分离到花苞待放之时。具体防治如下：

1、利用成虫的假死特性，在梨树树冠下面接布单，振落成虫杀灭；

2、在梨实峰的产卵期间，人工摘除有卵花果及有虫的幼果；

3、在梨树开花前的大约10-15天，也就是成虫即将羽化出土之时，需要使用25%对硫磷300倍液，也可以选择40.7%乐斯本乳油600倍液等药剂通过地面喷雾的方式来防治，以树干周围1米内的范围为重点。

梨树的虫害：梨木虱　

该虫会对梨树叶片与嫩梢造成危害，而且还会诱发煤烟病，导致梨树落叶、落果，果品变劣，对梨树产量造成较大的影响。防治如下：

可以使用虫螨克1250～1500倍，或是康复多3000倍等进行防治。

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