木棉花的养殖方法：肥沃之地最适宜栽植

植物图片 2019-04-30 10:02

说到了木棉花这种花，相信很多人都觉得非常地熟悉。木棉花是广东的特产，是广州的市花，五片拥有强劲曲线的花瓣，包围一束绵密的黄色花蕊，收束于紧实的花托，一朵朵都有饭碗那么大，迎着阳春自树顶端向下蔓延。那么到底木棉花的种植方法有哪些呢？必须留意什么呢？接下来小编一一为您介绍。

木棉花

木棉花的种植方法(基本知识)：

最好繁殖时间：木棉花宜选2～3月份和6～7月份嫁接木棉。2～3月份气温回升快，木棉开始萌动抽梢，此时嫁接易于成活。4～5月气温高，易造成接穗干枯。6～7月份是攀枝花地域雨季较集中时期，气温有所下降，嫁接时应避开雨天。

最好生长土壤：木棉花对土壤的要求不苛刻，沙质土或粘重土均宜，喜酸性土，较耐干旱，亦稍耐水湿，对肥力的要求不甚高，通常肥力中等、磷钾肥较高的土壤。

生长湿度要求：木棉花生长季节要保持土壤湿润，或直接栽入不漏水的盆，可免去天天浇水的麻烦，气温较高时还要注意进行叶面喷水保持湿度。

最好生长气温：木棉花不耐寒，华东地域露地稍加保护可以越冬，冬天气温不低于5℃。

最好生长光照：木棉花对光线适应范围较宽，全日照或半阴处都可良好生长，忌烈日曝晒。

木棉花

养殖木棉花的注意事项：

施撒肥料：对土壤的要求不苛刻，沙质土或粘重土均宜，喜酸性土，较耐干旱，亦稍耐水湿，对肥力的要求不甚高，通常肥力中等、磷钾肥较高的土壤，开花繁茂，色泽亦鲜艳，水分充分，氮肥较高的土壤枝叶繁茂，开花亦较多，但色泽欠鲜艳，种植时宜施腐熟饼肥或垃圾作基肥，花前及开花盛期，追施磷钾肥。

浇水要点：木棉花 在生长过程中，要注意保持土壤湿润，注意浇水，适时浇一下水就可以了。

修剪要领：木棉花在生长期，要及时摘除残枝、残花，对徒长枝通过摘心控长，促发新枝，使植株圆满、冠形好，还可延长花期。

盆土更换：通常来说，木棉花需要每年换一次盆。当植株的根系开始重新生长（通常在春天），就是最适合换盆的时间。用水苔作栽培基质可维持一年，故需每年换一次盆。在最初的三四个星期内，通常只需每天喷洒叶子一次。

繁殖要点：用播种、扦插和分株繁殖。蒴果未开裂前采集，种子发芽力保存期短，故多随采随播，也可用湿沙短期贮藏，条播，覆土2cm，平均气温20℃以上，通常4～5d可出齐苗；扦插多在2～3月或雨季进行，用长80～100cm，横径1～2cm 的大枝；插入苗床10～15cm深，经常保持床上湿润；分株是自母株根部萌蘖，连一段母根和须根截断分栽更易成活。

病虫防治：木棉花新梢多受叶甲类和尺蛾类植食昆虫危害，如桤木叶甲、黄连木尺蛾幼虫等。当少量危害时可人工捕杀，危害面积较大时采用化学防治：常采用80{bf}敌敌畏或50{bf}杀螟松800倍液，25{bf}亚胺硫磷乳油800～1000 倍液，80{bf}杀虫脒1000倍液等。

木棉花

养殖木棉花的心得：

木棉树性喜高温干燥，耐早性强，土集肥沃之地最适合栽植。它的繁殖方法以种子和扦擂法为主，春秋雨季是播种的好季节，成长时只要稍施肥即可。由于木棉树高大，最适合用作行道树。

如果想盆栽，可播种育苗，从幼苗养起。栽培的场所必须日照充分、通风、排水良好。

木棉是一种适应性强、易种易管的落叶大乔木，多生长在南方，小树的树干和枝条上都长满了刺，自卫能力强，可防止野兽牲畜俊害，造林成活率高达80{bf}以上。只要深入去了解它的生长习性，知道它的种植方法，细心去对待就可以了。

专题： 木棉花 棉花
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