最适合放在室内的三类植物：吸收有毒物质、驱蚊、杀病菌

植物图片 2019-06-26 10:09

很多朋友都希望在自家室内养一些植物，营造一个绿色的家居氛围。最近，美国航空航天局的科学家们发现，常青的观叶植物及其绿色开花植物中，很多都有消除建筑物内有毒化学物质的作用。那么最适合摆在居室内的植物有哪些呢？我们一起往下看~

芦荟

最适合摆在室内的三类植物：

一、能吸收有毒化学物质的植物

芦荟、吊兰、虎尾兰、一叶兰、龟背竹是天然的清道夫，

可以清除空气中的有害物质。有研究表明，虎尾兰和吊兰可吸收室内80{bf}以上的有害气体，吸收甲醛的能力超强。芦荟也是吸收甲醛的好手，可以吸收1立方米空气中所含的90{bf}的甲醛。

常青藤、铁树、菊花、金橘、石榴、半支莲、月季花、山茶、石榴、米兰、雏菊、腊梅、万寿菊等能有效地清除二氧化硫、氯、乙醚、乙烯、一氧化碳、过氧化氮等有害物。

兰花、桂花、腊梅、花叶芋、红背桂等是天然的除尘器，其纤毛能截留并吸滞空气中的飘浮微粒及烟尘。

花叶芋

二、能驱蚊虫的植物

随着天气转暖，能驱蚊的植物成了人们关注的焦点。蚊净香草就是这样一种植物。它是被改变了遗传结构的芳香类天竺葵科植物，近年才从澳大利亚引进。该植物耐旱，半年内就可生长成熟，养护得当可成活10年—15年，且其枝叶的造型可随意改变，有很高的观赏价值。蚊净香草散发出一种清新淡雅的柠檬香味，在室内有很好的驱蚊效果，对人体却没有毒副作用。气温越高，其散发的香越多，驱蚊效果越好。据测试，一盆冠幅30厘米以上的蚊净香草，可将面积为10平方米以上房间内的蚊虫赶走。另外，一种名为除虫菊的植物含有除虫菊酯，也能有效驱除蚊虫。

蚊净香草

三、能杀病菌的植物

玫瑰、桂花、紫罗兰、茉莉、柠檬、蔷薇、石竹、铃兰、紫薇等芳香花卉产生的挥发性油类具有显著的杀菌作用。

紫薇、茉莉、柠檬等植物，5分钟内就可以杀死白喉菌和痢疾菌等原生菌。蔷薇、石竹、铃兰、紫罗兰、玫瑰、桂花等植物散发的香味对结核杆菌、肺炎球菌、葡萄球菌的生长繁殖具有明显的抑制作用。

仙人掌等源产地于热带干旱地域的多肉植物，其肉质茎上的气孔白天关闭，夜间打开，在吸收二氧化碳的同时，制造氧气，使室内空气中的负离子浓度增加。

虎皮兰、虎尾兰、龙舌兰及其褐毛掌、伽蓝菜、景天、落地生根、栽培凤梨等植物也能在夜间净化空气。

在家居周围栽种爬山虎、葡萄、牵牛花、紫藤、蔷薇等攀援植物，让它们顺墙或顺架攀附，形成一个绿色的凉棚，能够有效地减少阳光辐射，大大降低室内气温。

丁香、茉莉、玫瑰、紫罗兰、薄荷等植物可使人放松、精神愉快，有助于睡眠，还能提高工作效率。

薄荷

专题： 驱蚊植物
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