菖蒲花语:信仰者的幸福

植物图片 2019-03-27 17:15

菖蒲生于野外则生机盎然,富有而滋润,着厅堂则亭亭玉立,飘逸而俊秀,自古以来就深得人们的喜爱。然而美丽的菖蒲花语是什么呢?

池塘边的菖蒲

菖蒲的花语:

菖蒲的花语:神秘的人,“信者之福”、也就是信仰者的幸福、仰慕的信;由于菖蒲的品种不同,在德国里还代表着婚姻,被视为神草,还赋予它人性化呢。菖蒲在德国的花语:婚姻完美。

菖蒲花写照

菖蒲知识扩展

植物文化:

先民崇拜某些草类,天南星科的菖蒲就被当作神草。《本草·菖蒲》载曰:“典术云:尧时天降精于庭为韭,感百阴之气为菖蒲,故曰:尧韭。方士隐为水剑,因叶形也”。人们在崇拜的同时,还赋予菖蒲以人格化,把农历4月14日定为菖蒲的生日,“四月十四,菖蒲生日,修剪根叶,积海水以滋养之,则青翠易生,尤堪清目。”正由于菖蒲神性,加之具有较高的观赏价值,数千年来,一直是我国观赏植物和盆景植物中重要的一种。

菖蒲是我国传统文化中可防疫驱邪的灵草,与兰花、水仙、菊花并称为“花草四雅”。菖蒲先百草于寒冬刚尽时觉醒,因而得名。菖蒲“不假日色,不资寸土”,“耐苦寒,安淡泊”,生野外则生机盎然,富有而滋润,着厅堂则亭亭玉立,飘逸而俊秀,自古以来就深得人们的喜爱。菖蒲是代表端午节气的花,端午节有家家户户门上插菖蒲、艾叶之俗,饮菖蒲酒,可以辟邪驱痛。夏、秋之夜,燃菖蒲、艾叶,驱蚊灭虫的习俗保持至今。

菖蒲剑叶盈绿,端庄秀丽,是室内盆栽观赏的佳品。用菖蒲制作的盆景,既富诗意,又有抗污染作用。古人夜读,常在油灯下放置一盆菖蒲,原因就是菖蒲具有吸附空气中微尘的功能,可免灯烟熏眼之苦。菖蒲还是我国传统园林造景中,池、湖沿岸不可或缺的植物。拿它当礼物时,不妨选择三、四枝颜色清晰鲜艳的,扎成花束。利用它直线的叶子,表现出初夏的清凉感觉。

传说一:

在端午日,楚门人有一个习俗,就是做菖蒲剑插门口头两边驱鬼。菖蒲有叶,就是望不到花开。望到菖蒲花开,据讲便有宝得。

我们东门长池头里,早年就生满了菖蒲,青绿绿的一片,充满了菖蒲的叶香味。每年菖蒲盛发时,这里空气清新。

有一年端午,有六、七个小人在长池头嬉,忽然望到对面菖蒲丛里冉冉升上一根像拐杖样的东西,越升越长,还摊开花朵,一瓣瓣张开同荷花一样艳丽无比,把这班小人一个个都望呆了。

“快望菖蒲花!”一个小人喊。

接着,大家便哧哧咄咄咬起耳朵来,一个说:“下面就有一只金龟藏着,大金龟背脊身还坐着六只小金龟,真真实实是宝贝,得来家里就会撑(富)起来。”于是,都脱起了鞋袜,要涉进水中去采菖蒲花。

一个小人又打起了退堂鼓说:“不可进去摘。我奶奶说过开菖蒲花就是望见,宝贝还是得不来。”

“为什么?”

“说水里有乌皮鲤蛇守着。”小人说:“我是无胆进去摘!”

就在大家吵吵嚷嚷推挤时,忽然从水中蹦上一条贼黑贼黑的怪物跳出水面,忽喇喇声音响得惊天动地。接着,那个拐杖似的竖上来的鲜花便一瓣瓣合拢,又缩下了水中。

从此,在长池头再也没有人看到过菖蒲开花。

传说二:

美丽的菖蒲花。菖蒲的叶子形状似剑,民间方士称之为“水剑”,说它可“斩千邪”。菖蒲身上这层驱邪避害的文化含义使它成了人们过端午节时必不可少的一件物品。关于端午挂菖蒲的习俗,还有一段美丽的传说解释它的由来。

童谣唱道:“初一糕、初二粽、初三螺,初四艾,初五扒龙船……”每年农历五月初五,是中国民间的传统节日,叫做端午节,俗称“五日节”。从初一开始,家家户户就准备过节的礼物。这些健康、有益的美德良俗,至今还在民间广泛流传着。端午节,有的农家有挂菖蒲的习俗,这到底是怎么一回事呢?

传说,在很久以前,有一个穷秀才的妻子,名叫青英。她不但口才很好,而且会吟诗作对。有一年,天大旱,好几个月没下一滴雨,田地荒芜,草木枯死。五月初四这一天,青英看丈夫还未回家,明天是端午节,又是自己的生日,可是家里一贫如洗,那要如何才能使这两个节日过得热闹一些呢?她在家里坐立不安,就从屋子里走出来。突然,看见房屋旁边她阿公栽种的药草————菖蒲,在烈日下碧绿青翠,青英心里想,何不如挖几棵菖蒲,过节来充喜?她持锄过来,挖了几棵菖蒲,用清水洗干净了,挂在大门上。她觉得这下子,门庭好象充满了生机、喜气,便触景生情,取出文房四宝,用红纸写了一首诗,贴在大门旁边。诗是这样写的:

自嫌薄命嫁穷夫,明日端阳祭礼无。

莫叫良辰错过去,聊将清水洗菖蒲。

菖蒲花傍晚,秀才(丈夫)转回家,看到大门旁妻子写的诗,既羞赧又惭愧,觉得自己无面再见妻子,匆匆返身而去。不知走了几百步,抬头看见一只老黄牛在田埂上吃草,周围一个人影都没有。他想,何不如把牛牵去卖掉,弄一些钱回家,让妻子高兴高兴。秀才不管三七二十一,牵了牛就往前走。可是才走不到半里路,牛主人就追赶上来,把他抓住,送去见知县。

知县问秀才:“你为何青天白日偷牵牛?”秀才无可奈何,就把自己的妻子如何贤德、家境如何贫困,一五一十向知县诉说。知县听了,不信一个乡下的女子也会作诗,就马上派人传秀才妻子来。青英到公堂上,知县问她:“你家大门旁的诗是你写的吗?”青英急忙跪下回答:“大人在上,诗正是民女所作,未知触犯何法?”知县摸了一下胡须,沉思片刻,便对青英说:“你作诗,无犯法,只因你丈夫偷牵牛,被人抓来见本县,你看要如何判处?”青英听后,泪如泉涌,马上就表态说:“相公知法犯法,理应重判!”

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