如何判断你的盆栽缺肥？看症状，对症下药

植物图片 2019-06-11 09:51

夏天就快接近尾声，也意味着秋天很快就要来了。有经验的小伙伴们都会给自己养的植物施秋肥，为它们越冬做准备。但不同的阶段需要施不同的肥，那么怎样才知道花花需要什么肥呢？下面小编就你过两招。

如何判断你的盆栽缺肥

如何判断植物缺肥

施秋肥可不是简简单单的将肥料施下去就行的，我们要依据养护的植物缺少什么肥料来施肥，做到对症下药、缺啥补啥，所以我们先介绍下各种肥料的作用。

一、氮肥的作用

氮肥是植物细胞原生质、蛋白质、叶绿素、核酸的重要组成部分，能促进细胞分裂，使植物生长茂盛。

缺少氮肥

NO.1 缺少氮肥

如果植物缺少氮肥就会造成植物植株生长矮小，叶子会从叶尖到叶柄逐渐变为浅绿色至淡黄色，严重时干枯落叶，花期开花大量减少。

NO.2 氮肥过剩

氮肥过量时，植株的叶子会变成暗绿色，且多汁柔软，使植物的抗病害、冷害能力下降。

二、磷肥的作用

磷肥是植物中磷脂的组成部分，是生命的物质基础。它可以促进植物根的发育，促进种子和果实的发育，并有助于豆科植物根瘤的生长。

缺少磷肥

NO.1 缺少磷肥

植物缺乏磷营养时，会造成植物根系发育不良、植株生长矮小，叶子呈兰绿色。严重缺乏时，叶茎会呈现的比较细长，有时呈紫色。

NO.2 磷肥过剩

磷与锌、铁、镁有相互拮抗作用，会抑制土壤中锌、铁、镁活性，造成植物对锌、铁、镁等微量元素的缺乏，影响植物对锌、铁、镁的吸收。

三、钾肥的作用

钾元素参与植物体内多种酶的活动，影响植物体新成代谢和蛋白质合成，钾还能调节细胞质的渗透压，控制叶子的气孔开闭，减少不必要的水分损失，提高植物的抗病、抗寒等抗逆能力。

缺少钾肥

NO.1 缺少钾肥

钾肥营养缺乏时植株会表现出株茎软弱，易倒伏的现象，而且抗病虫害能力会下降另外，叶子的边缘会黄化、焦枯、碎裂、叶咏间出现坏死斑点。

NO.2 钾肥过剩

钾肥过剩时，会影响植物对养料的吸收，造成植物生长变缓，花卉开花少、花色不美等现象。

四、施肥要注意什么问题

施肥的时候对症下药是必要的，而施肥的方式也是非常重要的。很多小伙伴往往是由于施肥的方式不对而变成了白施肥，甚至对植物造成影响，所以施肥也要注意忌讳。

NO.1

施肥时不能直接施在土壤的表面，由于有些肥在太阳照射下分解的很快，肥料被分解了自然就达不到施肥的目的。施肥的时候应该要在花盆边上挖个小洞，将肥施进里面去，再拿土埋上。挖的时候不要挖太深，避免伤到植物的根。

施肥要注意什么问题

NO.2

施过碱肥的植物在短时间内不要施带酸性的肥，由于酸性的物质和碱性的物质会发生一种酸碱中和的化学反应，会将施进去的肥破坏掉，而且产生一些物质使泥土结块、变硬，改变了土壤原有的通透性。

施肥要注意什么问题

NO.3

如果是和水混合后才浇水施肥的肥料，最好就不要在中午太阳强烈气温又高的时候施肥。由于太阳会把肥料蒸发，造成肥料浪费的同时还会灼伤叶子。

施肥要注意什么问题

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