榆叶梅的虫害及防治方法，对症下药合理灭杀防治

植物图片 2019-03-27 17:09

榆叶梅本身的抗病虫的能力是比较强的，由于它能够在非常恶劣的环境下存活，但如果平时养护不当的话，也是容易出现虫害的，所以一定要掌解榆叶梅的虫害及防治方法。榆叶梅常见的虫害有蚜虫、红蜘蛛、蚧壳虫及其蓑蛾等，在发现后要及时的对症下药。

一、榆叶梅的常见虫害与防治

1、蚜虫

蚜虫主要危害的是榆叶梅的嫩叶，入侵初期不容易发现，但是严重的时候可以看见成片成片的蚜虫在嫩枝叶上，轻则影响生长，重者会造成植株萎缩，叶子大面积的枯萎，直至植株死亡。

【防治方法】：在发现蚜虫之后，如果数量少可及其时的进行人工灭杀，看见一个掐死一个，但榆叶梅植株比较大不容易发现，所以需要用药剂进行喷洒防治，为了方便可以购买氧化乐果乳剂或敌敌畏乳油进行喷洒防治。

2、红蜘蛛

红蜘蛛对榆叶梅的危害也是比较严重的，这种虫害繁殖的速度非常快，只要环境适合就能一直进行繁殖，很快就能危害整个植株，严重时也会造成植株枯萎死亡。

【防治方法】：在发现红蜘蛛后，要及时的进行防治，可以喷洒三氯杀螨醇乳油进行防治。特别是在冬天的时候可以将树干“涂白”防治红蜘蛛下树在土壤中过冬。

3、蚧壳虫

蚧壳虫会吸食榆叶梅幼嫩部分的汁液，从而造成植株生长不良，株形萎缩严重影响生长，如果不及时的救治的话，则会造成植株逐渐枯萎死亡。

【防治方法】：在发现蚧壳虫之后，同蚜虫一样也可进行人工灭杀，然后喷洒氧化乐果溶液进行防治。

4、蓑蛾

蓑蛾的幼虫在榆叶梅上的时候，会啃食叶子、嫩枝及其果实皮层，严重的时候会造成蓑蛾部分的枝叶全部被吃掉，植株无法生长，从而死亡。

【防治方法】：发现时，如果数量少可以人工捕杀焚毁。虫害数量太多，在幼虫期的时候可以喷洒杀灭菊酯容易或者敌百虫晶体溶液进行防治。

二、减少榆叶梅被病虫入侵的养护方式

1、补充光照

除了榆叶梅的虫害及防治方法之外，在养护的时候要尽量减少虫害入侵的可能。虫害通常都是比较惧怕阳光的，在平时养护榆叶梅的时候，要尽量的给予充分的光照，在春秋冬三季可以接受全日照。夏天如果光照太强，则需要适度的遮蔽。

2、增加通风

病虫害都比较喜欢闷湿的环境，在养护的时候，一定要增加通风，改善通风不良的情况，有些虫害体型太小很容易被大风吹走的。如果通风不良，虫害很容易就会繁殖，一代接着一代。

3、合理疏剪

在榆叶梅的生长期间，一定要适时适度的疏剪，尤其是在枝条过密，过长过杂的情况下，过密的枝条容易造成植株通风不良和光照不足的情况，这样是最容易滋生虫害的，所以要及时的进行疏剪。

4、树干涂白

在冬天的时候，可以将榆叶梅的树干“涂白”，这种白色的液体其实是石灰水，能够杀菌防虫，避免树上的虫害在下树在土壤中产卵，等到春天的时候，虫卵孵化，也能避免这些虫害爬上树。

看完上面的内容，相信大家应该知道榆叶梅常见的一些虫害和防治方法了，除此之外，在平时养护的时候一定要减少榆叶梅遭受虫害的几率，增强植株的抵抗能力。

专题： 榆叶梅
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