怎样养殖茉莉花：大水、大肥、高温爆晒

植物图片 2019-08-06 09:42

“好一朵美丽的茉莉花”，由于这首红遍全国的《茉莉花》，使人们开始留意这洁白芳香的茉莉花，并开始在家养殖。那么这美丽的茉莉花是怎样养殖的呢？我们一起往下阅读寻找答案吧~

盆栽茉莉花种植方法

 

如何养殖茉莉花：

盆栽茉莉花春，夏，秋都很好养，不好养护的季节就是冬天，盆栽茉莉花种植方法可以用八字方针来概括，大水、大肥、高温爆晒，具体如下：

1、大水：茉莉根浅且须根发达，枝叶繁茂，夏天气温高蒸发量大，加之其本身不耐旱，故土壤不能过干，但也不宜泥泞。盆具最好用土盆，塑料盆、瓷盆透气差，可作套盆。大水的前提是土壤团粒结构好，疏松透气。大水浇灌的原则是间干间湿，干透浇透。注意，干透决不是干焦。

2、大肥：茉莉生长周期长、年生长量大且反复抽枝开花，营养消耗快，能量需求多，肥分跟不上会生长瘦弱、枝细叶薄花量少。大肥的前提是以腐熟的有机肥料为主，这点极为重要，如菜籽饼水(追肥)、家禽鱼类内脏水(追肥)，辅以磷酸二氢钾等化学肥料。施肥的方式是生长期晴天的傍晚施入，第二天清晨回水(至关重要)，生长期每星期一次。

茉莉花

3、高温爆晒：茉莉极喜阳光，绝不可过度遮阳，在保证水分前提下全日照最好，阳光充分则枝繁叶茂花朵多，低温遮阳则叶薄花稀枝条细。另外，春天发芽前和每批花后要适度修剪，可确保枝条疏密得当，营养集中，减少无效消耗。

补充：养护过程中扶壮的问题。茉莉生长五年后，主枝会老化，上部枝条细弱，花朵偏小。其间应特别注意多培养基部土生枝，这种枝条长势强健，适度引导至须更新的老主枝处，经过一年生长即可替换老枝，将老枝齐土面剪除，达到主枝更新、树势强健之目的，保持活力。

茉莉花

茉莉生长期间的主要虫害有茉莉叶螟、棉红蜘蛛、糠片介壳虫等。

1：茉莉叶螟：是茉莉的主要害虫之一，它以幼虫食害茉莉的叶、花蕾、小枝及新梢。小枝皮被食后即枯死，幼苗被害后即死亡，严重影响茉莉花的生长和开花。

防治方法：（1）冬天或早春，清除植株上的枯枝和地上的落叶，集中烧毁;⑧适度疏叶，以利通风；及时人工捕捉并杀死叶子上的卵、幼虫、蛹。（2）在茉莉生长期间，可用50{bf}敌百虫可湿性粉剂6000倍液喷洒，具有很好的防治效果。

2、棉红蜘蛛：它能为害许多花卉和许多温室植物。茉莉就是常见的受害花卉之一。被害花卉的叶子初呈黄白色小斑点，逐渐变红后扩展到全叶，造成叶子卷曲，枯黄脱落，繁殖发展很快，危害严重，影响花木的生长和开花。

防治方法：在红蜘蛛发生危害期，可用40{bf}的三氯杀瞒醇乳油1500-2000倍液（或50{bf}三氯杀蜗矾可湿性粉剂1500-2000倍液，或40{bf}氧化乐果1000-1500倍液）喷雾防治，每隔7天喷1次，喷2-3次即可，效果较好。喷药时，应对叶背面喷，并注意喷洒植株的中、下部的内膛枝叶。

3、糠片介壳虫：4--10月间发生数代，幼、若虫期可爬行，成虫身披蜡质壳固定不动吸食树液。

防治方法：幼、若虫期用敌敌胃等触杀剂全面喷洒即可，成虫因有蜡质外壳要采用内吸行药物如氧化乐果和能溶解蜡壳的20号石油乳剂杀之。

茉莉花

专题： 茉莉花
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