甘蔗种植技术

植物图片 2020-03-23 10:30

种植甘蔗的过程中，首先可先将种子进行浸泡催芽处理，配制排水流畅、土壤层深厚且肥沃疏松的土壤，施加磷肥和基肥的混合液作为基肥，栽种后周围用土压实，待出苗后要及时的清除土壤上的杂草，控制气温在20℃～25℃左右即可。

1、浸种催芽

浸种催芽是甘蔗种植技术中的关键因素，可采取清水浸泡和石灰水浸泡两种方法，采用清水浸泡的时候通常保持在常温下1～2天为宜，或者将种苗放入稀薄的石灰水中浸泡12～24个小时左右，以杀死存留在里面的病菌。

2、基质配制

种植甘蔗的基质最好要保证排水流畅、土壤层深厚且肥沃疏松，这样就可以满足根系的生长要求，再在土壤中加入少量的基肥，肥料主要以磷肥和钾肥为主，再浇入水分后进行松土，使之土壤保持平整且疏软的状态最好。

3、入栽定植

将准备好的种苗摆在土壤的小坑中，周围用土压实，保持行距在1～1.2m左右，以利于发根，浇透一次水分后即可，待出苗后要及时的清除土壤上的杂草，施加适量的尿素溶液，在浇入一次水分，以湿润为主。

4、环境管理

植株在不同的发育期控制的气温是不一样的，在苗期萌发的时候要控制气温在20℃～25℃左右，此时的气温可让植株生长的很快，超过30℃就会生长缓慢，在成熟期间需要气温在20℃以上，后期气温在13℃左右最好，形成适度的气温差，利于糖类的形成。

5、除草处理

在生长期间的时候要结合药液进行除草，以减少养分的消耗，主要以西马津和阿特拉津除草剂为主，喷洒的时候要兑水进行，通常只需要喷洒一次就可以了，主要是在出苗期间或者长势较好的时候进行。

专题： 甘蔗 种植技术
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