满天星百科知识

植物图片 2020-04-09 10:29

满天星的花期

满天星介绍

满天星（缕丝花：Gypsophila elegans M. Bieb.）为石竹科石头花属植物。别名霞草，丝石竹。

由于满天星的花型小、浅色、花姿蓬松具立体感，气质高雅清秀，给人以朦胧感，花序群体效果极佳，是重要的陪衬花材，为当今最流行的切花之一，价钱昂贵，非常畅销。

满天星是清雅之士所喜爱的花卉，素蕴含"清纯、致远、浪漫"之意。数百朵玲珑细致、洁白无瑕的小花，松松散散聚在一起，宛若无际夜空中的点点繁星，似雾般朦胧，极具婉约、雅素之美，又如爱人的呼吸般温柔动人。微风吹过，清香四逸，更显温馨。

形态特征

一年生草本，高30-45厘米。茎直立，分枝，被白粉。叶子线状披针形，中部叶较大，长2-4厘米，宽2-5毫米，顶端急尖或钝，基部渐狭，两面无毛。圆锥状聚伞花序疏展；花直径约12毫米；花梗细，长1-3厘米；苞片三角形，边缘膜质；花萼钟形，长3-4毫米，萼齿裂至中部，卵形，顶端圆，边缘膜质；花瓣白色或粉红色，长圆形，长为花萼的2-3倍，顶端截形或微凹，基部急狭；雄蕊比花瓣短；子房卵球形，花柱短。蒴果卵球形，长于宿存萼；种子直径1.2毫米，具钝瘤。花期5-6月，果期7月。

生长习性

满天星性喜凉爽，在阳光充分、空气流通的条件下，生长最好，生长适温为15C～25C，在 30 C以上或 10 C以下容易引起莲座状丛生，只长茎不开花。土壤要求疏松，富含有机质，含水量适中，PH7左右。

分布区域

满天星源产地于欧洲、非洲北部及亚洲中、西部的夏天干燥地带。

我国常栽培供观赏。分布于北京、上海、江西庐山、浙江杭州、内蒙古呼和浩特。欧洲至高加索、土耳其东部、伊朗也有。

繁殖方法

满天星商品化切花生产的，种苗繁殖以组培为主，也可扦插繁殖，一些单瓣种可用种子繁殖。

1、组培：采用茎尖培养，繁殖系数高，根系生长状况好，苗质量好。用组培苗生产切花，花枝挺拔，色泽纯正，切花质量高。

2、扦插：生根率不太高，宜采用带4～5对叶子的插穗，用生根粉或其他生长素处理扦插于珍珠岩作基质的插床上，可不受季节限制，但以3月中下旬至7月上旬和9月下旬至11月上旬为最好时期。气温在15C以上时，通常20天即可发根。

满天星的主要用途

切花与上市：满天星花之切取无固定标准，国际市场多以重量为标准，通常要求一枝不低于10克，也有在茎基部下剪，以整个生殖茎为单位。国内市场通常要求每枝有三个分杈。鲜花切取的适期以有75{bf}的花开放为宜，若运输距离较远，可适度提前。

满天星鲜花物语

【花语】思念、清纯、梦境、真心喜欢、配角，但不可缺

【象征血型】A 型

【代表星座】摩羯座

【选购】以选花朵纯白、饱满，盲枝少，茎鲜绿有弹性的为佳

【切花寿命】8-12天

【赠送对象】1、作玫瑰的衬材赠恋人，可以创造一个美丽的爱情故事；2、配剑兰赠将毕业同学，为"大展鸿图"之意。

专题： 满天星
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