最大的藻类植物：巨藻

植物图片 2019-03-27 16:02

海藻是一个非常庞大的家族，其门类很多，从低等的无真细胞核藻类，到具有真细胞的红藻门、褐藻门和绿藻门等共10000多种。其中褐藻是最常见的藻类植物，海带、裙带菜、鹿角菜、马尾藻、巨藻都属于褐藻，不过巨藻的体型最为庞大，是最大的藻类植物。

巨澡

巨藻大多数可以长到几十米，最长的甚至可以达到200米到300米，重达200公斤。巨藻形似海带，和海带是同宗兄弟，都属于藻类中的褐藻。但它比海带大得多，通常长达100米，大的可达300～400米，甚至500米以上。它主要分布在美国西海岸的太平洋中。它源产地于美国加利福尼亚、墨西哥和新西兰沿岸，现在已被引种到世界各地。它的用途非常广泛，可以用来生产沼气，也可作为提取碘和褐藻胶、甘露醇等工业用原料。

巨藻生长很快，每天可生长60多厘米，全年都能生长，每3个月收割一次，亩产可达50～80吨，其寿命很长，可生长12年之久。巨藻的固着器直径可达1米，柄有韧性，可弯曲，柄上生有许多叶子，每个叶子有一个叶柄，叶柄中央是一个直径为3厘米、长7厘米的气嚢，由于气囊的作用，可使藻体浮在海面，使海面呈现出一片褐色，故有人称之为“大浮藻”。

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