盆栽八仙花的养殖方法和注意事项

植物图片 2020-01-15 08:27

绣球花，别名八仙花、紫阳花，虎耳草科八仙花属落叶小灌木。八仙花花型丰满，大而美丽，其花色多彩缤纷，赏心悦目，是人们最喜爱得的观赏花卉之一。现在也有不少花友家里也有盆栽养殖八仙花，但却不知道该怎样养殖。那么，本文就为大家分享盆栽八仙花的种植方法。

 

盆栽八仙花的种植方法

八仙花的种植方法(基本知识)：

最好繁殖时间：八仙花在温室内一年四季均可进行扦插。通常在5至6月，结合早春修枝及花后整形进行。

最好生长土壤：八仙花土壤以疏松、肥沃和排水良好的砂质壤土为佳。

生长湿度要求：八仙花盆土要保持湿润，但浇水不宜过多，特别雨季要注意排水，防止受涝引起烂根。冬天室内盆栽绣球以稍干燥为好，过于潮湿则叶子易腐烂。

最好生长气温：八仙花生长适温18℃至28℃，冬天不低于5℃。

最好生长光照：八仙花为短日照植物，每天黑暗处理10小时以上，约45-50天形成花芽。平时栽培要避开烈日照射，以60{bf}-70{bf}遮荫最为理想

盆栽八仙花

养殖八仙花的注意事项：

施撒肥料：八仙花喜肥，通常每半个月追一次有机肥料。生长前期氮肥要多一些，花芽分化和花蕾形成期磷钾肥多一些，亦可叶面喷施0.1{bf}至0.2{bf}的磷酸二氢钾2至3次，花蕾透色后停止施肥。

浇水要点：八仙花叶子的蒸腾量很大，因此必须及时浇水，即使短时间的缺水萎蔫，也可造成叶缘干枯，花朵坏死。尤其在夏天，必须遮阴降温减少蒸腾，并保持60{bf}以上的空气湿度。另外，八仙花花色受土壤ph值影响，通常在酸性环境呈蓝色，而碱性环境呈红色。因此，要依据需要的花色确定水的ph值。

盆土更换：八仙花盆栽，通常每年要翻盆换土一次。翻盆换土在3月上旬进行为宜。换盆时，要对植株的根系进行修剪，剪去腐根、烂根及过长的根须。植株移放新盆后，要把土压实，再浇透水，放置在荫蔽处10天左右，然后移置室外，进行正常管理。

繁殖要点：八仙花主要采用分株、压条、扦插等方法进行繁殖。

在温室内一年四季均可进行扦插。通常在5至6月，结合早春修枝及花后整形进行。选择半木质化无病虫害的枝条，每段长10至15厘米，保留2至3个节和顶部1至2片叶，插于河沙或蛭石为基质的苗床中，适度遮阴。保持基质湿润，空气湿度80{bf}以上，18天左右开始生根。以后逐渐减少喷水次数，增加光照，1个月左右即可移栽。

定植扦插苗生根后要及时上盆。八仙花喜疏松、肥活、排水良好的土壤，通常用腐叶土、园土、有机肥料按4∶4∶2比例配制，规模生产宜用草碳、珍珠岩、有机肥料按6∶2∶2比例配制，用前彻底消毒。

病虫防治：八仙花主要有萎蔫病、白粉病和叶斑病。用65{bf}代森锌可湿性粉剂600倍液喷洒防治。虫害有蚜虫和盲蝽危害，可用40{bf}氧化乐果乳油1500倍液喷杀。

赏心悦目的八仙花盆栽

八仙花常见栽培品种

常见栽培品种：

1、大八仙花(v.hortensica)：花全为不育花，萼片卵形。

2、蓝边八仙花(v.coeruleawils)：花两性，深蓝色，边缘花为蓝或白色。

3、银八仙花(v.maculatawils)：分可孕与不孕两种，叶较狭小，边缘白色，用于观赏叶子。

4、紫阳花(v.otaksabailey)：花不孕，花序大，直径可达20厘米，叶质厚，圆球形花序，蓝色或淡红色，多应用于园林。

专题： 盆栽 八仙花
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