芦荟的养殖方法

植物图片 2019-03-27 16:44

芦荟在养殖时，要选择按2:2:1比例将腐叶土、园土和沙混合的沙质土壤，并提供充分的光照，控制气温在15～35℃之间，防止低温冻害。平时浇水使土壤湿润微干即可，春暖季节追肥3～4次，夏秋每月施加饼肥水，并要做好黑斑病的防治工作。

1、沙质土壤

芦荟对于土壤有一定的要求，需要排水性好而且肥沃疏松的沙质土壤，能让芦荟更好的生长。通常可以选择将腐叶土、园土和沙进行2：2：1的混合配制，或者将珍珠岩、沙、腐叶土还有泥炭土按1:2:3:4比例进行配制。

2、充分光照

在芦荟的种植方法中要注意为其提供充分的光照，满足芦荟喜光的生长习性。在春秋天节可让其接受一定的太阳直射，多晒太阳，夏天将其摆摆在半阴区域进行养护，防止烈日晒伤，冬天则摆在室内阳光照射处，及时进行补光。

3、控制气温

芦荟是典型的怕冷不怕热的热带植物，其适合生长气温是在15～35℃之间，要注意进行气温控制，防止低温冻害。当气温低于5℃时芦荟就会停止生长，0℃会出现冻伤现象，在冬天一定要做好保温防寒工作让芦荟茁壮生长。

4、水肥管理

芦荟对于水分和肥料的要求都不高，适量进行供给即可。芦荟喜干，平常注意少浇水，保持土壤湿润偏干就可以了。在施肥时，要注意在春暖季节追肥3～4次，以20倍腐熟液肥为主，夏秋每月施加10%腐熟饼肥水，冬天停肥。

5、病害防治

芦荟经常会患上黑斑病，需要及时进行治疗使其健康生长。通常在雨季到来之前要进行病害防治，将土壤湿度降低，而且喷洒多菌灵或者百菌清溶液，防止由于低温多雨出现黑斑病危害芦荟的健康生长。

6、繁殖方法

(1)分株繁殖

分株繁殖通常是在早春和换盆一起进行的。换盆时将老株去掉，选取具有5片小叶的幼苗进行分株处理，等伤口愈合后将其栽种在温暖湿润的盆土中。4天以后进行叶子洒水，10天以后再浇水浇透，很快分株幼苗就能生根了。

(2)扦插繁殖

扦插繁殖是在芦荟母株上选取长度在15cm左右的侧枝，将其剪下在伤口处涂抹草木灰，等待伤口晾干愈合。随后再将枝条扦插进准备好的素沙之中，保持盆土的微微湿润，20天以后扦插枝条就会长出新根了。

专题： 芦荟
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