铁树的养殖方法和注意事项：雨后要防止烂根

植物图片 2019-11-17 10:19

苏铁树形优美，端庄大方，叶色绿而润，有热带风光的观赏效果。那么铁树是如何养殖的呢？养殖中又有什么好的方式呢？养殖铁树又必须留意什么事情的呢？请您带着疑问和我一起往下阅读吧！

 

铁树盆栽

铁树的种植方法(基本知识)：

最好繁殖时间：铁树使用分蘖芽培育最为常见，可在春秋天之间进行，但以春天效果为最好。从母株基部侧生的蘖芽（又称吸芽）切割下来，待切口稍干燥后上盆栽植。也可在春天到花卉市场选购铁树杆茎进行盆栽。

最好生长土壤：铁树喜欢富含腐殖质、疏松肥沃、排水性良好、通透性强的微酸性沙质营养土。

生长湿度要求：苏铁喜温暖湿润气候，经常浇水保持土壤湿润。

最好生长气温：铁树性喜温暖，夏天高温时应避免阳光暴晒并适度喷水降温，冬天室温应保持在10℃左右。铁树抗寒能力较强，但冬天气温0℃时应移入室内或温暖处越冬。

最好生长光照：铁树喜光，缺少光照虽不至死也会使其新发的叶子稀疏、细弱、失绿，故不能摆放室内过久。铁树养殖四季均需摆在阳光充分处，尤其在春秋天长新叶的时候，更应摆在阳光直射处养护，待新叶成老熟后再移入室内观赏；

雄株铁树开花

养殖铁树的注意事项：

施撒肥料：在铁树的生长季节，要常施追肥，以氮、钾肥为主，以腐熟饼肥水为佳，为促进叶色深绿而有光泽，还可在肥料中加适量的硫酸亚铁溶液。

浇水要点：刚栽植的苏铁，要掌握好浇水量，盆土不干不浇，浇则浇透。但不能浇水过度，以免引起根系腐烂。萌发新叶后浇水量应适度多些，但也要避免盆内积水。新叶旺盛生长期应经常保持盆土湿润，并于早晚喷2～3次水，以利于保持叶面清新碧绿。夏天浇水要充分，需每天早晚各浇一次水。秋凉后应适度控制浇水，通常每隔2～3天浇一次水。

修剪要领：铁树每年都会发1～2次新叶，铁树盆景养殖时为了姿态漂亮，应该将隔年老叶及其枯黄的叶子剪去，过密或过长的叶子，也应视情况修剪，以保持树形的匀称。

盆土更换：铁树每隔2～3年应换盆一次，以春天3～4月进行为宜。在换盆时，应剪去枯根坏根，换上肥沃疏松的新土，从而使植株生长旺盛。同时还要注意垫空盆底，以利通气透水。

繁殖要点：

1、分蘖繁殖：在树干上切取分蘖，栽种在砂质壤土中，行距20～30公分，株距10～15公分，覆土6～8公分，遮 阴，在半阴条件下容易成活。

2、树干切移繁殖： 将树干切成10公分左右的段，埋在砂质土壤中，覆土4～6公分，经常浇水保持湿润，待干部发出新芽后，即可分栽。

3、播种繁殖： 种子于秋末采集，随采随播，也可砂藏，于翌春天点播o 因种皮厚而坚硬，生芽缓慢，－般4～6个月后发芽。气温耍保证在15℃以上，覆土耍深些，约3公分，在30～33℃，高温下，约2周即可发芽。幼苗生长较慢，种苗需2～4年方可移栽。

 

病虫防治：铁树杆硬叶坚，病虫害较少。主要可能会有介壳虫的侵害，发现介壳虫时，可先通过人工洗刷杀虫，如果虫害严重，可用1{bf}硫酸亚铁稀释液浇灌。值得注意的是，盆栽铁树应注意摆摆在通风透光，卫生清洁的地方，这样也可有效预防病虫害的发生。

雌株铁树开花

养殖铁树的心得：

1、雨后要注意及时排水，避免因积水而造成铁树烂根等问题。

2、施肥要注意薄肥勤施，切忌过浓。

3、铁铁易遭介壳虫危害，介壳虫多隐藏在小叶背面，在通风不良环境还易发生煤污病，应注意通风，及时用药防治。

小知识：

铁树素有“千年铁树开花”的说法，是言其开花较少。通常而言15～20年树龄的老树可开花，如果养殖得法，也可数年开花1次，而在南方阳光气温充分时，每年都可见开花。其实只要气温等条件适合，铁树年年都可以开花！花期可长达1个月之久，通常在6～8月开的是雄花，10～11月开的雌花。雌雄异株，花期又不一致，故在北方不易收到种子。

 

专题： 铁树
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