西红柿是水果还是蔬菜？至今还是没有一个绝对性的定义

植物图片 2019-11-05 10:30

西红柿是蔬菜还是水果？多数人可能会毫不犹豫地回答蔬菜，考究的学者可能会按照植物学的定义将之归为水果。这个争论听起来和粽子的咸甜之争差不多，两派口诛笔伐，煞是热闹。那么今天我们就来简单的分析和探讨一下西红柿到底属于“蔬菜”还是“水果”。

西红柿

西红柿蔬果难分，身份尴尬

蔬菜和水果本就不是一个科学的分类，更多的是一种习惯。

如果将水果按照植物学标准严格地定义为“植物的果实”，很多我们熟识的蔬菜得认祖归宗成为“水果”，除了西红柿，还有辣椒、黄瓜、茄子和众多瓜类，由于通常它们需要烹熟食用而被当做蔬菜。

蔬菜可以烹调做菜，通常取自植物的根、茎、叶等部分，还囊括了各种由于不能生吃、不够甜等原因而被驱逐出水果家族的植物果实成员。

水果之所以为水果通常得具备三个必要条件：可生吃；多肉多汁；包含植物的种子。

其实西红柿满足水果的三个必要条件，但由于人们多将之烹熟食用而成为了蔬菜；而番茄家族的另一个成员，小西红柿，也被称为圣女果，由于多被生吃而被视作水果。

水果or蔬菜

西红柿身份确定

然而这个让人无比闹心的蔬菜水果身份之争，终于有了比较靠谱的定论。这个定论还得从一个故事说起。1895年，英国商人从西印度群岛运来一批西红柿。按美国当时的法律，输入水果是免交进口税的，而进口蔬菜则必须缴纳10％的关税。纽约港的关税官认定西红柿是蔬菜。

理由是：它要进入厨房，经过烹制，成为人们餐桌上的佳肴。商人则认为应属水果，据理力争：西红柿有丰富的果汁，这是通常蔬菜所不具备的；它又可以生食，同通常蔬菜也不一样，形状色泽也都应当属于水果范畴。双方为此争执不下，最后只好把它作为被告，送进美国高等法院，接受审判。经过审理，法院一致判决：“正象黄瓜、大豆和豌豆一样，西红柿是一种蔓生的果实。在人们通常的谈论中总是把它和种植在菜园中的马铃薯、胡萝卜等一样作为饭菜用；无论是生吃还是熟食，它总是同饭后才食用的水果不一样。”从此，西红柿才法定为蔬菜，成为人们餐桌上的一道佳肴。

结语：关于这个问题，我们终究也只是“网上谈兵”，没有哪个咸党/甜党由于意见不同而非要法庭相见争个是非分明。我以前看过一个节目专门围绕这个问题的，最后得出来的结论是，西红柿是划为蔬菜而不是水果！呵呵，这方面，我们普通民众是外行，所以这个问题的实际意义也不大。专家说是蔬菜，我们还是可以当水果吃啊，嘿嘿！

专题： 西红柿
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