多肉植物如何防治介壳虫（温室篇）：以防为主,以杀为辅

植物图片 2019-12-24 10:23

相信很多北方的花友家里都会配备一个温室大棚，用来给多肉们或其他花卉过冬时用。但现很多花友对于大棚养殖的管理不太擅长，网上又比较少关于大棚养殖的文章。那么，本文整理自一位有着多年大棚养殖多肉经验的花友，他对大棚养殖多肉介壳虫的防治的看法，对于新手花友来说不可多得的很具有参考价值的。

多肉植物如何防治介壳虫

多肉植物如何防治介壳虫

首先，大家要知道的是，棚里的虫是很难完全清除的，甚至是不可能清除干净，不加以防治的话几个月就会来次大爆发(对于虫卵，是要直接喷到药才会死，而且它们并不会一下子全部孵化出来)，所以大家刚买回来的植物不要和自家已有的植物摆在一起，起码隔离一到半年，特别是春秋2季，多肉生长快，虫子们生长也快，且秋天更适合它们繁殖。

感觉大家都很喜欢用护花神，这个药能杀灭大部分害虫，也可以杀蚧壳虫幼虫，但对于蜡质壳保护的成虫和卵却无力，且该药不便宜，我不建议使用，我现在也不用了。

这几年我用过的药有好几种了，通常很少单用一种，2种混用的情况更多点，春天喷2次，秋天喷2次。其他时间看情况，主要有毒死蜱、阿维菌素乳油、氧化乐果、噻嗪酮、甲氰菊酯、杀扑磷。对于灭蚧壳虫，杀扑磷无疑是最好的药，没有之一，它能被植物吸收，介壳虫吸食植物汁液后就会中毒死亡，除了杀蚧壳虫，它还能杀很多其他的虫子，防治效果非常好，氧化乐果更适合早春和晚秋气温较低时使用，高温效果不佳。都是一药防多虫，很适合大棚。由于这些基本上都是有机磷杀虫剂，毒性较大，故不是很适合家里使用，非封闭式阳台或天台还是可以的。

多肉植物如何防治介壳虫

多肉播种时采用什么药？

多菌灵只是预防，万一防不住霉菌爆发了，必须挑掉土，撒上多菌灵干粉，千万不要用多菌灵泡水喷撒，万一杀不掉这种菌类就会造成蔓延，最后整盆都是霉斑了，大棚不建议使用。

高锰酸钾是就可以用，但通常并不是用来浸土的，而是用来泡种子的。仙人球等比较大的种子播种前泡半小时，然后清水再泡泡减低药浓度再播种，可防止种子发霉，女王芦荟、龟甲龙等大型种子亦可这样处理，这类种子发芽时间较长容易发霉(最近看到论坛有人将女王芦荟种皮磨破助发芽的，很不错，大家可以搜索相关帖子)。

大棚播种所用杀菌药通常是恶霉灵、幼苗期也用链霉素等，土虫丹，表示从来没用过，大棚用的是呋喃丹，砍头扦插可以用托布津，提高成活率 各种叶子花斑黑斑结痂病都可以用它解决 (菌核病克星)。

上面说的药大棚使用价钱低廉，效果又好，唯一的不足可能就是毒性大了点，注意使用时需带口罩。

我觉得最重要的是以防为主，以杀为辅。每年3-4月气温10度以上时就可以先用一次药，8-9月，高温刚过，气温下降到35度以下时也可以防了，喷洒时间为晴天太阳刚下山时效果最好，最利于植物吸收。生长期一个月左右一次，如果错过打药时间用晚了没防住虫爆发，隔1周再用一次。

健康的多肉植物

专题： 多肉植物
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