七里香(千里香)的养殖方法(全解)

植物图片 2019-06-18 10:09

大家知道吗?其实七里香的正名为千里香,而且七里香还有很多其他的别称,如千里香、万里香、九秋香、九树香、过山香、黄金桂、四季青、青木香、月橘、十里香。七里香为芸香科小乔木或灌木。

七里香的全观图是这样的

七里香产于台湾、福建、广东、海南及湖南、广西、贵州、云南四省区的南部等地域,生长于低丘陵或海拔高的山地疏林或密林中;石灰岩地域较常见,花岗岩地域也有,有时为小面积范围内的单优种。所以呢,七里香喜温暖湿润气候,耐旱,不耐寒。最适年平均气温15~18℃,最高月平均气温27~29℃,最低月平均气温1~2℃,能耐极端最低气温-7℃,年降雨量1000~1600mm为宜。以选阳光充分,土壤层深厚、疏松肥沃的微碱性土壤栽培为宜。

七里香(千里香)的种植方法(全解)

七里香的种植方法

七里香的浇水管理

千里香喜湿润,盆栽千里香因盆土有限,易干燥,如不及时浇水会因缺水而枯死。但也不宜浇水过多,否则会引起徒长。长期盆土过湿,树根呼吸不良、易引起烂根造成死亡。栽培千里香时浇水要适度,孕蕾前应适度控水,以促进花芽分化,孕蕾后及花果期盆土以稍偏湿润而不渍水为好。夏、秋天高温期要早晚各浇水1次,春天可每天或隔日浇1次水,冬天可数日浇水1次,梅雨季节或雨天要防积水,以免植株烂根死亡。

七里香的施肥管理

七里香上盆或翻盆换土时,宜在营养土中掺些骨粉或氮磷钾复合肥,生长期半月左右施1次氮、磷、钾复合肥,不可单施氮肥,否则枝叶徒长而不孕蕾,生长旺季每隔3~4周施1次稀薄饼肥。4~6月每月可向叶面喷1次0.2{bf}的磷酸二氢钾溶液,喷剩的可淋根部以促进花芽分化。通常秋天不宜施肥,以防萌生新梢,遭受冻害。冬天可施1次有机肥料做基肥。氮、磷、钾肥可依据千里香的生长情况和不同生长期的需要而定。

七里香的换盆管理

千里香可每隔2~3年换1次盆,秋天10~11月或晚春4~5月为最好时期,冬天通常不宜换盆。换盆应依据树木大小来确定,可用原来盆或换稍大一号的盆。换盆时可结合修根、换土,根系太密太长的应予修剪,脱盆时剥掉土球四周50{bf}~70{bf}的旧盆土,剪掉烂根及部分老根,然后按照上盆的过程进行处理。如保留较多的原土,则可随时做好换盆,不受季节限制,如需换去大部分或全部宿土,要严格选择恰当的换盆时期。

七里香的修剪管理

当新栽幼苗长至10~15cm高时要及时摘去顶芽,保留6~8cm高,新抽枝条长至8~10mm高时进行第二次摘心,即摘去顶芽,如此反复几次,可形成丰满的树冠,成型后的植株还在不断生长,要及时修剪,长枝短剪,密枝疏剪,以保持优美的树姿。特别是千里香枝条萌生力强,为保持一定树形,应注意经常修剪。

七里香(千里香)的种植方法(全解)

七里香养殖的注意事项

气温

里香最适合生长的气温为20℃~32℃,不耐寒,冬天当最低气温降至5℃左右时,要移入5℃~10℃室内越冬,如室温过低易掉叶,影响翌年生长,低于0℃就会冻死。

光照

千里香是阳性植物,宜置于阳光充分、空气流通的地方才能叶茂花繁而香。如家里养护,开花时可移至窗台上,花谢后仍需置于阳光充分处,在半阴处生长不良,花的香味也淡,过于阴蔽则枝细软、叶色浅、花少或无花。冬天入室亦应置于阳光充分处。

土壤

栽培重点以肥沃砂质壤土最好,日照须充分枝叶才会繁茂。成长期间每季施用一天然有机肥料或是化学肥三要素,春天是绿篱整枝造型剪定适合期间,枝叶生长太快也可以随时修剪。

病虫防治

七里香的常见病害主要是白粉病。常在页面、叶背上布满白色粉状物,使叶子失绿、黄化、脱落,在新梢抽生期间发生危害严重。雨水多、湿度大时,容易发病,并迅速蔓延。防治方法:在新梢抽生期或刚刚萌动时,对新梢叶喷洒1次1200倍液腈菌唑水溶液,或800倍粉绣宁水溶液,或1000倍液白粉净水溶液等,均匀喷湿所有的叶枝(以开始有水珠往下滴为宜)。当雨水多、湿度大时,要在晴天及时喷洒1次800倍液甲基托布津水溶液。如家庭盆栽千里香,可对叶面喷洒25~30倍干燥纯净草木灰浸出液,或0.1{bf}高锰酸钾水溶液,或0.5{bf}小苏打水溶液,或25~30倍液干八角浸出液或0.1{bf}石灰水澄清液。如喷药后4小时遇雨,应重新补喷1次,以提高防治效果。

七里香(千里香)的种植方法(全解)

七里香的完整培育过程

催芽

想要养一盆上好的七里香就必须经过催芽这一过程,催芽时可用温热水把种子浸泡12到24个小时,直到种子吸水并膨胀起来,这样会使种子发芽率更高。

播种

七里香的种子比较小,用手或夹子很难去播种,我们可以使用沾湿的牙签把种子一粒一粒地粘摆在基质的表面上。然后把播种的花盆放入水中,水的深度为花盆高度的二分之一,让水慢慢地浸上来。

管理:在深秋、早春天或冬天播种后,遇到寒潮低温时,可以用塑料薄膜把花盆包起来,以利保温保湿。七里香的幼苗出土后一定要及时把薄膜揭开,并在每天上午的九点半之前,或者下午的三点半之后让幼苗接受太阳的光照,否则幼苗会生长得非常柔弱。

间苗

大多数的种子出齐后,七里香需要适度地间苗,把有病的、生长不健康的幼苗拔掉,使留下的幼苗相互之间有一定的空间。当大部分的幼苗长出了3片或3片以上叶子就可以移栽了。

七里香(千里香)的种植方法(全解)

以上就是七里香的种植方法和注意事项。如有七里香养殖的其他问题,也可以加植物之家的公众号(植物之家)一键获取你想知道的植物信息。

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