仙人掌花是哪个国家的国花，墨西哥(附养殖方法)

植物图片 2019-03-27 17:34

很多人都不知道仙人掌花是哪个国家的国花，其实是墨西哥国家的国花，仙人掌与墨西哥的联系是很紧密。若要盆栽仙人掌的话，就要注意排水性良好的微碱性砂质土壤，每天6个小时光照、气温在16℃～25℃左右，生长期每天浇水一次、每隔10天施加有机肥料一次，每年做好换盆处理等4个要点，要想对仙人掌进行繁殖的话主要包括分株和扦插2种繁殖方法。

一、仙人掌是墨西哥国家的国花

要想知道仙人掌花是哪个国家的国花，通常来说是墨西哥。首先就要想到墨西哥国家的国旗，而且在墨西哥的国徽和货币上都可以看到，描绘着一只健壮的雄鹰叼着一条蛇，雄鹰的爪子紧紧抓住蛇身，傲立在仙人掌的花环上，所以仙人掌与墨西哥的联系非常紧密，称之为国花。

墨西哥的国花有一个传说，在很久之前，一位母亲被杀，儿子要为母亲报仇，然后深入虎穴，不幸被俘，然后凶残的入侵者挖出了它的心，摆在地上，不就过后，这颗心长出了仙人掌，故事中的母亲寓意着祖国，是国家的象征，然后儿子代表坚强不屈的英雄，就像仙人掌坚韧不拔的品质，所以墨西哥把仙人掌作为国花。

二、盆栽仙人掌的养护技巧

1、碱性土壤

仙人掌是一种喜欢排水性良好的微碱性肥沃砂质土壤，通常最好采用堆肥，田园土，树林土，河沙按照2:4:1:1的比例进行混合配制，最好在盆地放些小瓦片，以方便排水，入盆后并浇入适量的水分，摆在阳光充分的环境下即可。

2、合理光照

仙人掌喜欢温暖、阳光充分的环境下生长，最好每天保持最低6个小时的光照时间，夏天时候要做遮阴处理，避免强光直射，影响植株正常生长，最好保持气温在16℃～25℃左右，冬天时候低于5℃时容易冻伤，最好摆在室内即可。

3、水肥用量

由于仙人掌是一种肉质植物，里面的叶子含有大量的水分，所以做好不要浇水过多，保持盆内半湿最好，在夏天是仙人掌的生长旺季，最好每天浇水一次，浇水时候切记不能向茎部浇水，休眠期不浇水，然后在生长期间的时候每隔10天追加一次腐熟的有机肥料溶液，浇入少量的水即可。

4、换盆清土

由于仙人掌的根系发达，会不断的增加或者老化，而且还会产生一种让土壤酸化的有机酸，所以最好每年做好换盆处理，以保证土壤的清洁，根部不受污染。换盆最好是在休眠期进行，而且剪掉根部的须根，烂根，以促进新根的生长。

三、仙人掌的繁殖方法

1、分株

如果对仙人掌进行繁殖的话，分株是用的最多的一种方法，由于仙人掌在生长的时候会产生很多分子球和分子苗，然后进行移栽处理，成活率很高，也可以将仙人掌的子球从母体上切除，然后取上面的芽点分别种植，加强肥水管理，大约1个月后即可发芽。

2、扦插

盆栽仙人掌用扦插进行繁殖成活率极高，而且通常的对仙人掌扦插最好是在春夏秋天节进行，应选择健壮的茎块从母株上切取下来，然后摆在阴凉处放置5天左右，待切口干燥再进行扦插，插入经过消毒的沙土里，保持盆土湿润，放置通风环境，大概20天后即可生根发芽。

通过以上介绍，大家知道了仙人掌是墨西哥国家的国花，同时一株枝繁叶绿的仙人掌也是需要一个精心的养护过程的。

专题： 仙人掌
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